daredevilk
04-06-2004, 12:15 AM
Examination Review
QUESTION NO: 1
Which of the following factors determines the OSPF router ID when configuring a router with both physical and logical interfaces?
A. The lowest network number of any interface.
B. The highest network number of any interface.
C. The highest IP address of any logical interface.
D. The middle IP address of any logical interface.
E. The lowest IP address of any physical interface.
F. The highest IP address of any physical interface.
G. The lowest IP address of any logical interface.
Answer: F
Explanation:
The OSPF topology database includes information about routers and the subnets, or links, to which they are attached. To identify the routers in the neighbor table’s topology database, OSPF uses a router ID (RID) for
each router. A router’s OSPF RID is that router’s highest IP address on a physical interface when OSPF starts running.
Note: The OSPF router ID is a 32-bit IP address selected at the beginning of the OSPF process. The highest IP address configured on the router is the router ID. If a loopback address is configured, then it is the router ID. In case of multiple loopback addresses, the highest loopback address is the router ID. Once the router ID is elected it doesn't change unless the IP address is removed or OSPF restarts.
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 208
QUESTION NO: 2
Which of the following routes will be used to forward data in a situation where a routing table contains static, RIP, and IGRP routes destined to the same network with each set to its default administrative distance?
A. The RIP route
B. The static route
C. The IGRP route
D. All three will load balance.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To decide which route to use, IOS uses a concept called Administrative Distance. Administrative distance is a number that denotes how believable an entire routing protocol is on a single router. The lower the number, the better, or more believable the routing protocol.
Route Type Administrative Distance
• Static 1
• IGRP 100
• RIP 120
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 177
QUESTION NO: 4
The following exhibit shows the ********.com WAN. Study it carefully:
What are the broadcast addresses of the subnets in the ******** network? (Select three options.)
A. 172.16.82.255
B. 172.16.95.255
C. 172.16.64.255
D. 172.16.32.255
E. 172.16.47.255
F. 172.16.79.255
Answer: B E F
Explanation:
172.16.23.0/20 has 16 increments and the broad cast address will always be 1 before the actual number. 172.16.23.0 next increment will be 172.16.39.0 so then the broadcast address is 1 less than 172.16.39.0 =
172.16.38.255 (Broadcast address).
QUESTION NO: 5
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit. Study it carefully:
Routers ********1 and ********2 are connected through their social interfaces, however, they cannot communicate. You ascertain that ********1 has the correct configuration.
Can you identify the fault on router ********2?
A. Link reliability is insufficient
B. IPCP is not open
C. Incorrect subnet mask
D. Incompatible encapsulation
E. Bandwidth allocation is too low
F. Incomplete IP address
Answer: D
Explanation:
HDLC and PPP Configuration
HDLC and PPP configuration is straightforward. You just need to be sure to configure the same WAN data-link protocol on each end of the serial link. Otherwise, the routers will misinterpret the incoming frames, because
each WAN data-link protocol uses a different frame format. Other than configuring some optional features, that’s all you need to do.
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 310
QUESTION NO: 6
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit. Study it carefully:
You want to prevent users on the Research Network and the Internet from accessing the ******** Support server, but you want to allow all other ******** users access to the server. You create an access
control list (ACL) called research block. The ACL contains the following statements:
deny 172.16.102.0 0.0.0.255 172.16.104.255 0.0.0.0
permit 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 172.16.104.252 0.0.0.0
Which of the following command sequence must be issued so that the list meets these requirements?
A. ********1(config)# interface e0
********1(config-if)# ip access-group research_block in
B. ********2(config)# interface s1
********2(config-if)# ip access-group research_block in
C. ********3(config)# interface s1
********3(config-if)# ip access-group research_block in
D. ********1(config)# interface s0
********1(config-if)# ip access-group research_block out
E. ********2(config)# interface s0
********2(config-if)# ip access-group research_block out
F. ********3(config)# interface e0
********3(config-if)# ip access-group research_block out
Answer: F
Explanation:
To enable the ACL on an interface and define the direction of packets to which the ACL is applied, the ip access-group command is used.
When referring to a router, these terms have the following meanings.
• Out - Traffic that has already been through the router and is leaving the interface; the source would be where it's been (on the other side of the router) and the destination is where it's going.
• In - Traffic that is arriving on the interface and which will go through the router; the source would be where it's been and the destination is where it's going (on the other side of the router).
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 433
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/secursw/ps1018/products_tech_note09186a00800a5b9a.shtml
QUESTION NO: 7
You are a network administrator at ********. You are troubleshooting a router problem. You issue the show ip route command on one of the routers. The output from the command is shown in the following
exhibit:
What does [120/3] represent?
A. 120 is the bandwidth allocation and 3 is the routing process number.
B. 120 is the administrative distance and 3 is the metric for that route.
C. 120 is the value of the update timer and 3 is the number of updates received.
D. 120 is the UDP port for forwarding traffic and 3 is the number of bridges.
640 - 801
Answer: B
Explanation:
To decide which route to use, IOS uses a concept called Administrative Distance. Administrative distance is a number that denotes how believable an entire routing protocol is on a single router. The lower the number, the better, or more believable the routing protocol.
Route Type Administrative Distance
• Connected 0
• IGRP 100
• RIP 120
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 177
QUESTION NO: 8
What is the basic characteristic of switches and hubs?
A. Hubs cannot filter frames.
B. Using hubs is costly with regard to bandwidth availability.
C. Switches do and can not forward broadcasts.
D. Switches are more efficient than hubs in processing frames.
E. Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Answer: E
Explanation: Switches increases the number of collisions domains in the network.
Note:
Switches use a couple of different types of internal processing variations. Almost of the more recently released switches use store-and-forward processing, but all three types of switching are supported in at least one type of currently available Cisco Switch.
• Store-and-forward –The switch fully receives all bits in the frame (store) before forwarding the frame (forward).
• Cut-through – The switch performs the address table lookup as soon as the destination address field in the header is received.
• Fragment-free – This performs like cut-through switching, but the switch waits for 64 bytes to be received before forwarding the first bytes of the outgoing frame.
QUESTION NO: 9
When you consider half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet, what are unique for half-duplex Ethernet?
(Select two options.)
A. Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain.
B. Half-duplex Ethernet operates in an exclusive broadcast domain.
C. Half-duplex Ethernet has efficient throughput.
D. Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
E. Half-duplex Ethernet operates in an exclusive collision domain.
Answer: A D
Explanation:
A single device could not be sending a frame and receiving a frame at the same time because it would mean that a collision was occurring. So, devices simply chose not to send a frame while receiving a frame. That logic is called half-duplex logic.
Ethernet switches allow multiple frames to be sent over different ports at the same time. Additionally, if only one device is connected to a switch port, there is never a possibility that a collision could occur. So, LAN
switches with only one device cabled to each port of the switch allow the use of full-duplex operation. Full duplex means that an Ethernet card can send and receive concurrently.
QUESTION NO: 10
Which PPP authentication methods will you use when configuring PPP on an interface of a Cisco router?
(Select two options.)
A. SSL
B. SLIP
C. PAP
D. LAPB
E. CHAP
F. VNP
Answer: C E
Explanation:
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) authenticate the endpoints on either end of a point-to-point serial link. Chap is the preferred method today because the identifying codes flowing over the link are created using a MD5 one-way hash, which is more secure that the clear-text passwords sent by PAP.
QUESTION NO: 11
Study the Exhibit below carefully:
What is the function of the Frame Relay DLCI with regard to ********A?
A. Defines the signaling standard between ********A and ********B,
B. Identifies the type of encapsulation in operation between ********A and ********B.
C. Identifies the circuit between ********B and the frame switch.
D. Defines the signaling standard between ********A and the frame switch.
Answer: C
Explanation:
********A sends frames with DLCI, and they reach the local switch. The local switch sees the DLCI field and forwards the frame through the Frame Relay network until it reaches the switch connected to ********B. The. ********B’s local switch forwards the frame out of the access link to ********B.
QUESTION NO: 12
What could be the rationale behind using passive-interface command when configuring a router?
A. Allows interfaces to share common IP addresses.
B. Allows an interface to remain up without the aid of keepalives.
C. Allows a router to send routing and not receive updates via that interface.
D. Allows a routing protocol to forward updates that is missing its IP address.
E. Allows a router to receive routing updates on an interface but not send updates via that interface.
Answer: E
Explanation:
The passive-interface command is used to control the advertisement of routing information. The command enables the suppression of routing updates over some interfaces while allowing updates to be exchanged
normally over other interfaces.
With most routing protocols, the passive-interface command restricts outgoing advertisements only. However, when used with Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), the effect is slightly different. This document demonstrates that use of the passive-interface command in EIGRP suppresses the exchange of hello packets between two routers, resulting in the loss of their neighbor relationship. This stops not only routing updates from being advertised, but it also suppresses incoming routing updates. This document also discusses the configuration required in order to allow the suppression of outgoing routing updates, while allowing incoming routing updates to be learnt normally from the neighbor.
QUESTION NO: 13
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit. Study it carefully:
******** is acquiring a new Class C IP network. Which of the following subnet masks will provide one useful subnet for each department while still making allowance for enough usable host addresses per department as specified in the graphic?
A. 255.255.255.128
B. 255.255.255.192
C. 255.255.255.224
D. 255.255.255.240
E. 255.255.255.248
F. 255.255.255.252
Answer: C
Explanation:
The network currently consists of 5 networks and another network will be acquired. That gives us a total of 6
networks. This requires that we use 3 bits for the network address. Using the formula 2n-2 we get 6. This also leaves us with 5 bits for hosts, which gives us 30 hosts.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Only 1 bit is required to give us 128 but 1 bit gives us only 0 subnets.
B: 2 bits are required to give us 192 but 2 bits gives us only 2 subnets. This is too few.
D: 4 bits are required to give us 240. This gives us 14 subnets. However we are left with 4 bits for hosts leaving us with 14 host addresses. Two of the networks require more than 14 hosts so this will not do.
E: 5 bits are required to give us 248. This gives us 30 subnets. However we are left with 3 bits for hosts leaving us with 6 host addresses. All the networks require more than 6 hosts so this will not do.
F: 6 bits are required to give us 252. This gives us 62 subnets. However we are left with 2 bits for hosts leaving us with 6 host addresses. This is too few.
QUESTION NO: 14
You are a network administrator at ********. You need to troubleshoot the ******** network shown in the exhibit. Study the Exhibit carefully:
The host, TK1, is connected to the ********1 LAN, but it cannot get access to resources on any of the other networks. The host’s configuration is as follows:
host address: .....192.168.166.42
subnet mask: ......255.255.255.240
default gateway: ..192.168.166.33
Then which of the following is the cause of the problem?
A. The default gateway is a broadcast address.
B. The default gateway is on a different subnet address as the host.
C. The IP address of the host is on a different subnet.
D. The host subnet mask is incompatible to the subnet mask of the attached router interface.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The default gate should be the broadcast address. For this network, the broadcast address should be the last address, which should be 192.168.166.46.
Incorrect Answers:
B: The default gateway is on the same network but it is a host address.
C: The host address is correct.
D: The subnet mask 255.255.255.240 uses 28 bits and is therefore correct.
QUESTION NO: 15
What are the benefits of using a router to segment the network at a main office? (Select two options.)
A. Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router.
B. Broadcasts are eradicated.
C. Adding a router to the network decreases latency.
D. Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information.
E. Routers are more efficient than switches.
Answer: A, D
Explanation
Routers do not forward broadcast messages and therefore breaks up a broadcast domain. In addition, routers can
be used to filter network information.
QUESTION NO: 16
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has a larger 172.12.0.0 network that you want to divide into subnets. You want each subnet to support 459 hosts. You also want to provide the maximum
number of subnets.
Which network mask should you use?
A. 225.225.0.0.
B. 225.225.128.0.
C. 225.225.224.0.
D. 225.225.254.0.
Answer: 255.255.254.0
Explanation:
To obtain 459 hosts the number of host bits will be 9. This can support a maximum of 512 hosts. Keep 9 bits for hosts means the last bit in the 3rd octet will be 0. This gives 255.255.254.0 as the subnet mask.
QUESTION NO: 17
Your new junior ******** trainee, Rutger, has a problem with basic binary math. He must convert the binary number 10011101 into its decimal and hexadecimal equivalent.
Which two numbers must Rutger provide? (Select two options)
A. 158
B. 0x9D
C. 156
D. 157
E. 0x19
F. 0x9F
Answer: B D
Explanation:
10011101 = 157
0x9D is ASCII Hexadecimal = 157
QUESTION NO: 18
You are a network technician at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit.
Note: SPIDs are not required for this switch.
Which of the following command will you use to bring up the ISDN link? (Select three options.)
A. Router(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
B. Router(config)# dialer-list 1 protocol ip allow
C. Router(config)# isdn switch-type type
D. Router(config)# dialer map ip address name connection number
E. Router(config-if)# dialer-group 1
F. Router(config-if)# ip address address subnet mask
Answer: A E F
Explanation:
• Proper encapsulation to be defined on both routers.
• IP address to be assigned for interface with subnet mask
• Dialer group number enables dialer-list on this interface. Dialer-list to be defined on gloabal
configuration command.
QUESTION NO: 19
You are a network technician at ********. You are troubleshooting a LAN connectivity problem.
Which of the following router IOS commands could you use? (Select three options.)
A. show ip route
B. winipcfg
C. tracert
D. show interfaces
E. traceroute
F. ping
Answer: A D F
Explanation
A: The show ip route command displays the IP route table.
D: The show interfaces EXEC command to display statistics for all interfaces configured on the router or access server.
F: The ping command tests connectivity to a remote node.
QUESTION NO: 20
Place the parameters in the correct sequence to configure dial-on-demand routing (DDR) on an ISDN BRI interface.
Answer:
Place 1st - next hop address
Place 2nd - Dialer-list
Place 3rd - protocol
Place 4th - Dialer-String
Place 5th - group
QUESTION NO: 21
Which of the following commands will you use to display the configuration register setting on a router?
A. show boot
B. show flash
C. show register
D. show version
E. show config
Answer: D
Explanation:
show version
To display the configuration of the system hardware, the software version, the names and sources of configuration files, and the boot images, use the show version command in EXEC mode.
Examples
The following is sample output from the show version command:
Router1> show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 7200 Software (C7200-J-M), Experimental Version 11.3(19970915:164752) [
hampton-nitro-baseline 249]
Copyright (c) 1986-1997 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 08-Oct-97 06:39 by hampton
Image text-base: 0x60008900, data-base: 0x60B98000
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.1(11855) [beta 2], INTERIM SOFTWARE
BOOTFLASH: 7200 Software (C7200-BOOT-M), Version 11.1(472), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc
1)
Router1 uptime is 23 hours, 33 minutes
System restarted by abort at PC 0x6022322C at 10:50:55 PDT Tue Oct 21 1997
System image file is "tftp://171.69.1.129/hampton/nitro/c7200-j-mz"
cisco 7206 (NPE150) processor with 57344K/8192K bytes of memory.
R4700 processor, Implementation 33, Revision 1.0 (512KB Level 2 Cache)
Last reset from power-on
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
SuperLAT software copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).
TN3270 Emulation software.
8 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
4 Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 interface(s)
4 Serial network interface(s)
1 FDDI network interface(s)
125K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
1024K bytes of packet SRAM memory.
20480K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 0 (Sector size 128K).
20480K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 1 (Sector size 128K).
4096K bytes of Flash internal SIMM (Sector size 256K).
Configuration register is 0x02102
QUESTION NO: 22
You are a network administrator at ********. You must configure a new subnetwork at the ******** branch office in Berlin. You have been provided with the subnet mask of 255.255.255.224. You want to assign IP addresses to hosts on the subnet.
Which of the following IP addresses would you use? (Choose all that apply.)
A. 16.23.118.63
B. 87.45.16.159
C. 92.11.178.93
D. 134.178.18.56
E. 192.168.16.87
F. 217.168.166.192
Answer: C, D, E
Explanation:
C: Valid Host in subnetwork 2 ( 92.11.178.64 to 92.11.178.95)
D: Valid Host in subnetwork 1 (134.178.18.32 to 134.178.18.63)
E: Valid Host in subnetwork 2 (192.168.16.64 to 192.168.16.95)
QUESTION NO: 23
You are a network technician at ********. You need to configure Frame Relay on a Cisco router.
What is the default LMI (Local Management Interface) frame type transmitted by the Cisco router on a Frame Relay circuit?
A. IETF
B. B8ZS
C. ANSI
D. Cisco
E. Q933a
Answer: D
Explanation:
Name Document IOS LMI-Type Parameter
• Cisco Proprietary cisco
• ANSI T1.617 Annex D ansi
• ITU Q.933. Annex A q.933a
QUESTION NO: 24
You are a network technician at ********. You have subnetted the 210.106.14.0 network with a /24 mask. Your supervisor asks you how many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet this would make provision for. What would your response be?
A. 1 network with 254 hosts
B. 4 networks with 128 hosts
C. 2 networks with 24 hosts
D. 6 networks with 64 hosts
E. 8 networks with 36 hosts
Answer: A
Explanation:
A subnet with 24 bits on would be 255.255.255.0. This subnet has only 1 network and 254 hosts.
QUESTION NO: 25
You are a network technician at ********. Due to rapid expansion, ******** is leaning towards scalable WAN technology. Immediate plans for the company include an additional 7 regional offices with all sites
requiring continuous connectivity, but the current head office has no free ports available.
Which of the following WAN technologies will meet the requirements?
A. Frame Relay
B. Broadband cable
C. ISDN-BRI
D. ADSL
E. Dedicated PPP/HDLC links
F. ISDN
Answer: D
Explanation:
ADSL work by using a modem and is always on. The question tells you that the HQ router has no free ports, so by using an ADSL modem, it will be the best choice for this question. The cable modem would also be a good choice, but without much security, the ADSL is the better answer.
QUESTION NO: 26
You are a network technician at ********. You apply the access list illustrated below to interface E0 on a Cisco router. The interface is connected to the 192.168.1.8/29 LAN.
access-list 123 deny tcp 192.168.166.18 0.0.0.7 eq 20 any
access-list 123 deny tcp 192.168.166.18 0.0.0.7 eq 21 any
What are the consequences of this specific access list?
A. All traffic will be allowed to exit E0 except FTP traffic.
B. FTP traffic from 192.168.166.19 to any host will be denied.
C. FTP traffic from 192.168.166.22 to any host will be denied.
D. All traffic exiting E0 will be denied.
E. All FTP traffic to network 192.168.166.18/29 from any host will be denied.
Answer: D
Explanation:
By default access list is having implicit deny statement at the end. In this example there is no permit statement, so it will deny all traffic exiting E0 Interface.
Incorrect answers
A: It will deny FTP and Telnet Traffic
B,C,E: It will deny all traffic in addition to the condition mentioned in the answer. Because there is no permit statement at the end.
QUESTION NO: 27
What are the characteristic of link state routing protocols? (Choose all that apply.)
A. The exchange of advertisement is triggered by a change in the network.
B. All routers exchange routing tables with each other iIn a multipoint network.
C. Packets are routed based upon the shortest path to the destination.
D. Paths are chosen depending on the cost efficiency factor.
E. Every router in an OSPF area is capable of representing the entire network topology.
F. Only the designated router in an OSPF area can represent the entire network topology.
Answer: A C E
Explanation:
Open Shortest Path First
• Each router discovers its neighbors on each interface. The list of neighbors is kept in a neighbor table.
• Each router uses a reliable protocol to exchange topology information with its neighbors.
• Each router places the learned topology information into its topology database.
• Each router runs the SPF algorithm against its own topology database.
• Each router runs the SPF algorithm against its own topology database to calculate the best routes to each
subnet in the database.
• Each router places the best roué to each subnet into the IP routing table.
The following list points out some of the key features of OSPF:
• Converges very quickly – from the point of recognizing a failure, it often can converge in less than 10
seconds.
• Supports VLSM.
• Uses short Hello messages on a short regular interval, with the absence of hello messages indicating that
a neighbor is no longer reachable.
• Sends partial updates when link status changes, and floods full updates every 30 minutes. The flooding,
however, does not happened all at once, so the overhead s minimal.
• Uses cost for the metric.
QUESTION NO: 28
You use multiple access lists when configuring it on an interface of a Cisco router. Which of the following statements are valid?
A. Application of up to three access lists per protocol to a single interface.
B. No more than two access lists per interface.
C. One access list may be configured per direction for each Layer 3 protocol configured on an interface.
D. The maximum number allowed varies due to RAM availability in the router.
E. An infinite number of access lists that can be applied to an interface, from most specific to most general.
F. Cisco IOS allows only one access list to an interface.
Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 29
Which of the following are typical Layer 2 encapsulations for a WAN link? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Ethernet
B. PPP
C. Token Ring
D. HDLC
E. Frame Relay
F. POTS
Answer: B, D E,
Explanation:
WAN data-link protocols used on point-to-point serial links provide the basic function of data delivery across
that one link. The two most popular WAN data-link protocols are High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) and
PPP.
QUESTION NO: 30
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has its head office in Mubai and a branch office in Delhi. You want to establish connectivity between head office and the branch office. You intend using two data link layer encapsulation, one for data and one for signaling.
What type of WAN service allows two data layer encapsulations of this nature?
A. ISDN
B. ATM
C. FDDI
D. ATX
E. Frame Relay
Answer: A
Explanation:
ISDN Q.931 messages are used for signaling.
ISDN B channels are used to transport data.
QUESTION NO: 31
You are a network technician at ********. You use a Cisco router to divide the ******** network into two separate segments, ********1 and ********2. The ******** CEO is concerned about the cost, and wants to know what the purpose of your action is.
What should you tell him?
A. It decreases the number of broadcast domains.
B. It makes broadcasting domains more efficient between segments.
C. It increases the number of collisions.
D. It prevents segment 1’s broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
E. It connects segment 1’s broadcasts to segment 2.
Answer: D
Explanation
A router does not forward broadcast traffic. It therefore breaks up a broadcast domain, reducing unnecessary network traffic.
QUESTION NO: 32
You are a network technician at ********. A newly appointed trainee wants to know what the basics of distance vector and link state routing protocols are.
What would your reply be? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Distance vector protocols send the entire routing table to directly connected neighbors.
B. Distance vector protocols are responsible for sending updates to all networks listed in the routing table.
C. Link state protocols are responsible for sending the entire routing table to the whole network.
D. Link state protocols send updates regarding their own links status to all other routers on the network.
Answer: A D
Explanation:
Distance Vector Protocols:
Distance Vector Protocols advertise routing information by sending messages, called routing updates, out the interfaces on a router. These updates contain a series of entries, with each entry representing a subnet and a metric.
Link-State Protocols:
Sends partial updates when link status changes and floods full updates every 30 minutes. The flooding, however, does not happen all at once, so the overhead is minimal.
QUESTION NO: 33
Which of the following statements is true regarding the split horizon rule?
A. Distance vector protocols need fall back routes that are responsible for momentary loops.
B. Networks can only remain fully operational provided all information is sent out all active interfaces.
C. Each AS must keep routing tables converged to avoid dead routes from being advertised.
D. Information about a route should not be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
E. Only routers can split boundaries (horizons) between concentric networks.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Split horizon blocks information about routes from being advertised by a router out of any interface from which that information originated.
QUESTION NO: 34
You are a network technician at ********. A newly appointed trainee wants to know what the differences and similarities between bridges and switches are.
What would your reply be? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Bridges are faster learners than switches due to fewer ports.
B. Bridges and switches increase the size of a collision domain.
C. A bridge will forward a broadcast but a switch will not.
D. Bridges and switches learn MAC addresses through examining the source MAC address.
E. A switch is a uniport bridge,
Answer: B C
Explanation:
Bridges build the bridge table by listening to incoming frames and examining the source MAC address in the frame.
Switches are multiport bridges that allow you to create multiple broadcast domains. Each broadcast domain is like a distinct virtual bridge within a switch.
QUESTION NO: 35
You are a network technician at ********. You are working with a 2500 series Cisco router. You are performing the password recovery procedure. You have just typed the following command:
o/r 0x2142
Your newly appointed trainee is curious about why this command is used.
What should you tell him?
A. It is used to restart the router.
B. It is used to bypass the configuration in NVRAM.
C. It is used to enter ROM Monitor mode.
D. It is used to view the lost password.
E. It is used to save the changes to the configuration.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The o/r 0x2142 command changes the value of config-register to 2142, so that the Router ignores the NVRAM contents when it boots.
QUESTION NO: 36
You are a network technician at ********. You have told a newly appointed trainee that the OSI model has 7 layers and that the Application layer is the highest layer. The trainee is curious as to which
protocols operate at the application layer.
What should you tell him? (Choose all that apply.)
A. TCP
B. Telnet
C. FTP
D. ARP
E. IP
Answer: B C
Explanation:
Layer Name Examples
Application (layer 7) Telnet, HTTP, FTP, WWW browsers, NFS, SMTP gateways, SNMP
QUESTION NO: 37
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has its head office in Berlin and a branch office in Bonn. You are troubleshooting the WAN link between head office and the branch office.
You replace a Cisco router that was providing Frame Relay connectivity at the Bonn site with a frame relay router from a different vendor. However, connectivity broke down between the two offices.
What is the most likely cause of the problem?
A. Mismatched LMI types.
B. Incompatible encapsulation types.
C. Mismatching IP addresses.
D. Incorrect DLCI.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Three LMI protocol options are available in Cisco IOS software: Cisco, ITU, and ANSI. Each LMI option is slightly different and therefore is incompatible with the other two. As long as both the DTE and DCE on each
end of an access link use the same LMI standard, LMI works fine.
QUESTION NO: 38
You are a network administrator at ********. You need to configure five new routes urgently for testing purposes. While connected to a router by console, you copy and past a configuration from a text file into the HyperTerminal window. Part of the text file is shown in the following exhibit:
As a result of this procedure, host 192.168.10.10/29 would not be able to ping the Ethernet interface of the router. Why?
A. The new configuration must be saved to the NVRAM before the changes can be effected.
B. The subnet mask on the router results is miscommunication.
C. The Ethernet network does not feature in the routing table due to imcomplete RIP configuration.
D. The copied configuration did not overwrite the shutdown command on the Ethernet interface.
E. The router needs to be rebooted before the changes are effected.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Default configuration of any interface is always shutdown and always needs the command "no shutdown" in the interface command mode in order to enable the interface.
QUESTION NO: 39
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network has three remote networks are accessed through serial 0/0 interface on the ********1 router. The remote networks are: 172.16.10.0,
172.16.20.0, and 172.16.30.0. However, users cannot access 172.16.20.0. You are troubleshooting the problem. You issue the debug ip rip and show ip route commands. The output form the command is
shown in the following exhibit:
<some output text is omitted>
********1# debug ip rip
ld00h: RIP:received vl update from 172.16.100.2 on Serial0/0
ld00h: 172.16.10.0 in 1 hops
ld00h: 172.16.20.0 in 1 hops
ld00h: 172.16.30.0 in 1 hops
********1# show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
C 172.16.150.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.16.220.0 is directly connected, Loopback2
C 172.16.210.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 172.16.200.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
R 172.16.30.0 [120/1] via 172.16.100.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
S 172.16.20.0 [1/0] via 172.16.150.15
R 172.16.10.0 [120/1] via 172.16.100.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
C 172.16.100.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
What is the most likely cause of the problem?
A. 172.16.20.0 is not located in ********1’s routing table.
B. There is no gateway of last resort on ********1.
C. The static route for 172.16.20.0 is incorrect.
D. The ********1 router is not receiving 172.16.20.0 updates.
Answer: C
Explanation
The static route of 172.16.20.0 is incorrect. The show ip route shows that the network is connected via
172.16.150.15 instead of 172.16.100.2.
QUESTION NO: 40
You have subnetted the 213.105.72.0 network with a /28 mask. How many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet will be provided?
A. 2 networks with 62 hosts
B. 6 networks with 30 hosts
C. 16 networks and 16 hosts
D. 62 networks and 2 hosts
E. 14 networks and 14 hosts
Answer: E
Explanation
A subnet with a 28 bit mask requires 4 bits for the network address, leaving 4 bits for host addresses. Using the
2^n - 2 formula (2^4 – 2 in this case) we have 14 host addresses and 14 network addresses.
QUESTION NO: 41
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are currently troubleshooting a Cisco router. You issue the show ip route command. The output from the command is displayed in the following exhibit:
********1#show ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R- RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inner area
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP
i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, * - Candidate default
U – per-user static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
R 192.168.8.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
C 192.168.9.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/7] via 192.168.9.1, 00:00:02, Serial1
R 192.168.11.0/24 [120/7] via 192.168.9.1, 00:00:03, Serial1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.6.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.7.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
Which route will not be entered into the routing table of a neighboring router?
A. R 192.168.11.0/24 [120/7] via 192.168.9.1, 00:00:03, Serial1
B. C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
C. R 192.168.8.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
D. R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
Answer: D
Explanation: RIP has the maximum hop count of 15. This route already has a hop count of 15 and adding one would make it unreachable (see below). This route will be discarded.
R 202.30.5.0/24 [120/15] via 202.30.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
QUESTION NO: 42
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You have subnetted the 201.105.13.0 network with a /26 mask. How many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet will be provided?
A. 4 networks with 64 hosts
B. 64 networks and 4 hosts
C. 2 networks and 62 hosts
D. 62 networks and 2 hosts
E. 6 network and 30 hosts
Answer: C
Explanation
A subnet with a 26 bit mask requires 2 bits for the network address, leaving 6 bits for host addresses. Using the 2^n - 2 formula (2^2 - 2 for the network and 2^6 - 2 for hosts) we have 2 network addresses and 62 host addresses.
QUESTION NO: 43
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. Your ******** trainee is studying the spanning tree algorithm and wants to know what the default mechanism for determining the spanning-tree path cost is.
What would your reply be?
A. Statically determined by the administrator.
B. Sum of the costs based on bandwidth.
C. Total hop count.
D. Sum of the cost based on latency.
Answer: B
Explanation
The metrics of STP is determined by bandwidth.
QUESTION NO: 45
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are required to establish a Telnet session with a cisco router.
Which of the following commands should you use?
A. ********1(config)# line console 0
********1(config-if)# enable password ********
B. ********1(config)# line vty 0
********1(config-line)# enable password ********
C. ********1(config)# line vty 0
********1(config-line)# enable secret ********
********1(config-line)# login
D. ********1(config)# line console 0
********1(config-line)# enable secret ********
********1(config-line)# login
E. ********1(config)# line console 0
********1(config-line)# password ********
********1(config-line)# login
F. ********1(config)# line vty 0
********1(config-line)# password ********
********1(config-line)# login
Answer: F
Explanation:
Access from Password Type Configuration
Telnet vty password line vty 0 4
login
password cisco
QUESTION NO: 47
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are planning a network installation for the company. The design requires 100 separate subnetworks, resulting in the acquisition of a Class B network address.
Which of the following subnet masks will provide the 100 subnetworks required, if 500 usable host addresses are required per subnet?
A. 255.255.0.0
B. 255.255.224.0
C. 255.255.254.0
D. 255.255.255.0
E. 255.255.255.224
F. 255.255.255.254
Answer: C
Explanation: We need a 9-bit subnet mask to provide 500 usable host addresses.
QUESTION NO: 48
What is the function of access control lists (ACLs)? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Monitor the number of bytes and packets.
B. Assume role off virus detector.
C. Identify interesting traffic for DDR.
D. IP route filtering.
E. Provide high network availability.
F. Classify and organizing network traffic.
Answer: C, D, E
Explanation:
IP access control lists (ACLs) cause a router to discard some packets based on criteria defined by the network engineer. The goal of these filters is to prevent unwanted traffic in the network – whether to prevent hackers from penetrating the network or just to prevent employees from using systems they should not be using.
IP access lists can also be used to filter routing updates, to match packets for prioritization, to match packets for prioritization, to match packets for VPN tunneling, and to match packets for implementing quality of service
features.
QUESTION NO: 49
What could you use to prevent rooting loops in the network when configuring the network using a distance vector routing protocol? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Spanning Tree Protocol
B. Shortest path first tree
C. Link-state advertisements (LSA)
D. Hold-down timers
E. Split horizon
F. VRP
Answer: D E
Explanation:
• Split horizon – the routing protocol advertises routes out an interface only if they were not learned from updates entering that interface.
• Hold-down timer – After finding out that a router to a subnet has failed, a router waits a certain period
of time before believing any other routing information about that subnet.
QUESTION NO: 50
The following exhibit shows the router topology for the ******** network.
All routers are running RIP. Which of the following statements describe how the routers exchange their routing tables? (Choose all that apply.)
A. ********4 exchanges with ********3.
B. ********4 exchanges with ********2.
C. ********4 exchanges with ********1.
D. ********1 exchanges with ********3.
E. ********1 exchanges with ********2.
F. ********1 exchanges with ********4.
Answer: A, D
Explanation
RIP exchanges routing tables with their adjacent neighbors. Therefore, ********3 will exchange routes with ********1, ********2 and ********4. Similarly, ********1 will exchange routes with ********3; ********2
will exchange routes with ********3; and ********4 will exchange routes with ********3.
QUESTION NO: 51
Which of the following encapsulations can be used when configuring a serial interface on a Cisco router?
(Choose all that apply.)
A. Token Ring
B. Ethernet
C. HDLC
D. PPP
E. Frame Relay
F. CHAP
Answer: C, D, E
QUESTION NO: 52
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has a class C network license. The company requires 5 usable subnets. Each subnet must accommodate at least 18 hosts.
Which network mask should you use?
A. 225.225.224.0.
B. 225.225.240.0.
C. 225.225.255.0.
D. 255.255.255.224
E. 225.225.255.240
Answer: 255.255.255.224
Explanation:
Default subnet mask for class C network is 255.255.255.0. If one has to create 5 subnets, then 3 bits are required. With 3 bits we can create 6 subnets. Remaining 5 bits are used for Hosts. One can create 30 hosts
using 5 bits in host field. This matches with requirement.
QUESTION NO: 53
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. The ******** network topology is shown in the following exhibit:
Each host is connected through its own 10Mbps half-duplex switch port to the e0 interface of the router ********1.
What is the bandwidth available to each host?
A. 1 Mbps
B. 10 Mbps
C. 20 Mbps
D. 100 Mbps
E. 120 Mbps
Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 55
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You have completed the password recovery procedure on a Cisco router successfully and the router returned to normal operation.
What is configuration register value at this point in time?
A. 0x2112
B. 0x2104
C. 0x2102
D. 0x2101
E. 0x2100
Answer: C
Explanation: It is default factory setting. Router should attempt to load an IOS from flash memory and load
startup configuration file. Flash memory also called NVRAM
Incorrect answers
A: It is ROM Monitor mode. A low level problem determination
B: Router to boot from ROM
D: The value 0x2142 to be set for configuration register in case of password recovery procedure
QUESTION NO: 56
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are using a switch to break up a broadcast domain. Which features of the switch enables this?
A. Transparent bridging
B. Cut-through bridges
C. Fragment-free switches
D. Microsegmentation
E. Virtual LANs
F. Store-and-forward switching
Answer: E
Explanation: Creation of VLAN in a switch provide separate Broadcast domain . If VLAN is not there all ports as members of one Broadcast domain.
Incorrect Answers
A: Transparent bridging is called Transparent because the endpoints devices do not need to know that the bridges exists. It will not play any role for creating separate broadcast domain
B,D: Both are switching methods in a switch.
C: This is one of the Switching methods in a switch. It will not play any role for creating separate broadcast domains
F: Not related to the question
QUESTION NO: 58
Which of the following addresses can be assigned to network hosts when given a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224? (Choose all that apply.)
A. 10.15.16.125
B. 134.178.18.44
C. 92.11.178.83
D. 192.168.16.67
E. 115.23.118.67
F. 217.63.12.192
Answer: B, C, D
Explanation:
B: Valid host in subnetwork 1 (134.178.18.32 to 134.178.18.63)
C: Valid host in subnetwork 2 ( 92.11.178.64 to 92.11.178.95)
D: Valid host in subnetwork 2 (192.168.16.64 to 192.168.16.95)
QUESTION NO: 59
Documenting the name of the IOS image file of each router in the network is part of updating network documentation.
Which of the following commands can be used to obtain this information?
A. Router# show IOS
B. Router# show version
C. Router# show image
D. Router# show protocols
E. Router# show flash
Answer: B
"Show flash" displays all the image files in it. There could be more than one file. However, "show version" displays the one that is currently in use by the router.
Incorrect answers:
D: Show Protocols will shows routed Protocol using by the router, all interface conditions and their IP address if configured.
A,C: There are no such commands.
QUESTION NO: 60
Which of the following statements describes the rule of split horizon?
A. Only routers can split boundaries (horizons) between concentric networks.
B. Each AS must keep routing tables converged to prevent dead routes from being advertised across
boundaries.
C. Networks can only remain fully converged if all information is sent out all active interfaces.
D. Information about a route should not be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
E. Distance vector protocols need fall back routers that are responsible for momentary loops.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Split horizon includes two related concepts that affect what routes are included in a routing update: An update does not include the subnet of the interface out which the update is sent All routes with outgoing interface of interface x are not included in updates sent out that same interface x.
Incorrect Answers
A: There is no such requirement
E: Distance vector protocols updates routing table at regular intervals instead of Topology changes
C: This is not a feature of split horizon
B: This is not a related feature for split horizon
QUESTION NO: 61
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. The ******** network is shown in the following exhibit:
Which of the following configuration commands are the minimum commands required to bring up the ISDN link? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Router(Config-if)# ip address subnet mask
B. Router(Config-if)# dialer-list, protocol ip permit
C. Router(Config-if)# isdn switch-type type
D. Router(Config-if)# dialer map ip address name name connection number.
E. Router(Config-if)# encapsulation ppp
F. Router(Config-if)# dialer group 1
Answer: A, E, F
Explanation:
A: IP address to be assigned for interface with subnet mask
E: Proper encapsulation to be defined on both routers.
F: Dialer group number enables dialer-list on this interface. Dialer-list to be defined in a global configuration
command.
Incorrect Answers:
B, C:The commands are executed on global configuration command.
D: Syntax is wrong. Proper syntax is dialer map ip ip address/subnet mask name connection name number.
QUESTION NO: 62
Which of the following features are PPP characteristics? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Encapsulates several different types of routing protocols.
B. Supports only IP.
C. Can be used over analog circuits.
D. Maps Layer addresses.
E. Corrects errors.
Answer: A C E
Explanation:
• PPP can be used on either type of line (dial or switched lines), because data-link protocols are designed for point-to-point environment.
• PPP uses one LCP per link and one Control Protocol for each Layer 3 protocol defined on the link. If a router is configured for IPX, Apple Talk, and IP on a PPP serial link, the router configured for PPP
encapsulation automatically tries to bring I the appropriate control protocols for each layer 3 protocol.
• Error recovery can be performed by the data-link protocol or a higher-layer protocol, or it might not be
performed at all. Supported but not enabled by default.
QUESTION NO: 63
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are troubleshooting a connectivity problem. You issue the ping command during a router console session. Your trainee wants to know what the ping command use to test connectivity between the two devices.
What would your reply be?
A. ICMP echo request
B. Information interrupt request
C. Timestamp reply
D. Source quench
Answer: A
Explanation:
The ping command sends an ICMP echo request packet to the stated destination address. The TCP/IP software at the destination then replies to the ping echo request packet with a similar packet, called ICMP echo reply.
QUESTION NO: 64
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You must assign static IP addresses to the servers in the ******** network. For network 192.168.20.24/29 the router is assigned the first usable host address while
the sales server is given the last usable host address.
Which of the following should be entered into the IP properties box for the sales server?
A. IP address: 192.168.20.32 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.240 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.17
B. IP address: 192.168.20.31 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.224 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.25
C. IP address: 192.168.20.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.25
D. IP address: 192.168.20.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.254
E. IP address: 192.168.20.254 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.24
Answer: C
Explanation
A subnet mask uses 29 bits. This means that it uses 5 bits in the 4th octet. This equates to 255.255.255.248. This network has 3 bits for hosts. Using the 2^n - 2 formula (2^3 -2 in this case), we are left with 6 (2*2*2 - 2 = 6) host addresses. 192.168.20.24 is the network address. Therefore the next address (192.168.20.25) would be the first host address. This address must be assigned to the router, which serves as the gateway for the network. The last available host address would be 192.168.20.30 (192.168.20.24+6). This address is assigned to the server.
QUESTION NO: 65
Which of the following statements regarding the store and forward switching method are true? (Select two options.)
A. Latency fluctuates regardless of frame size.
B. The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it.
C. Latency through the switch varies with frame length.
D. The switch checks the destination address upon receipt of headers.
Answer: B C
Explanation:
With store-and-forward, the entire frame is received by the switch before the first bit of the frame is forwarded. As soon as the incoming switch port receives enough of the frame to see the destination MAC address, the
forwarding decision is made and the frame is transmitted out the appropriate outgoing port to the destination device. So, each frame might experience slightly less latency.
QUESTION NO: 68
Which of the following statements are characteristic of a typical VLAN arrangement? (SChoose all that apply.)
A. VLANs logically divide a switch into multiple, independent switches at Layer 2.
B. Trunk links can carry traffic for multiple VLANs.
C. VLAN implementation significantly increases traffic due to adding trunking information.
D. A VLAN can span multiple switches.
E. VLANs extend the collision domain to include multiple switches.
F. VLANs typically decrease the number of multiple switches.
Answer: A, B, D
Explanation
QUESTION NO: 69
Which of the following options can be negotiated using LCP during the PPP link establishment? (Select three options.)
A. Q.931
B. IPCP
C. multilink
D. CHAP
E. callback
Answer: B C D
Explanation:
• The NCP phase is used for establishing and configuring different network-layer protocols.
• The most common layer 3 protocol negotiated is IP. The routers exchange IP Control Protocol (IPCP) messages negotiating options specific to the protocol.
• Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) currently supports two authentication protocols: Password Authentication
Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP). Both are specified in RFC 1334 and are supported on synchronous and asynchronous interfaces.
QUESTION NO: 70
Match the ISDN term on the right to the appropriate description on the left. Please note: Not all options on the left apply.
Explanation:
• LAPD – provides the data link protocol that allows delivery of messages across that D-channel to the
local switch.
• LAPB - Protocol and is designed primarily to satisfy the signaling requirements of ISDN basic access. It is defined by ITU-T Recommendations Q.920 and Q.921.
• TE1 – ISDN –capable four-wire cable. Understands signaling and 2B=D. Uses an S reference point.
• ITU.T.430 – Defines connectors, encoding, framing, and reference points.
• TE2 – Equipment that does not understand ISDN protocols and specifications (no ISDN awareness).
Uses an R reference point, typically an RS-232 or V.35 cable, to connect to a TA.
• NT1 – CPE equipment in North America. Connects with a U reference point (two-wire) to the telco.
QUESTION NO: 71
You are the network administrator at ********, Inc. ********’s network topology is shown in the following exhibit:
You can telnet to all of the routers. An employee named Tess has moved office and finds herself on a different floor. You need the address of Switch ********5 to verify that the employee who moved office
remains in the same VLAN. What can you do to determine the IP address of ********5?
A. Issue the show ip route command on Router ********1.
B. Issue the show cdp neighbors detail command on Router ********2.
C. Issue the show arp command on Router ********3.
D. Issue the show cdp neighbors detail command on Router ********3.
E. Issue the show arp command on Router ********1.
F. Issue the show ip route command on Router ********2.
Answer: D
Explanation:
To display detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), use the show cdp neighbors privileged EXEC command. Detail - (Optional) Displays detailed information about a neighbor (or neighbors) including network address,
enabled protocols, hold time, and software version.
Answer: B
Explanation: The subnet mask must be 255.255.252.0 to work with the network address 172.16.17.0/22 on the
S0/0 interface on ********1.
QUESTION NO: 1
Which of the following factors determines the OSPF router ID when configuring a router with both physical and logical interfaces?
A. The lowest network number of any interface.
B. The highest network number of any interface.
C. The highest IP address of any logical interface.
D. The middle IP address of any logical interface.
E. The lowest IP address of any physical interface.
F. The highest IP address of any physical interface.
G. The lowest IP address of any logical interface.
Answer: F
Explanation:
The OSPF topology database includes information about routers and the subnets, or links, to which they are attached. To identify the routers in the neighbor table’s topology database, OSPF uses a router ID (RID) for
each router. A router’s OSPF RID is that router’s highest IP address on a physical interface when OSPF starts running.
Note: The OSPF router ID is a 32-bit IP address selected at the beginning of the OSPF process. The highest IP address configured on the router is the router ID. If a loopback address is configured, then it is the router ID. In case of multiple loopback addresses, the highest loopback address is the router ID. Once the router ID is elected it doesn't change unless the IP address is removed or OSPF restarts.
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 208
QUESTION NO: 2
Which of the following routes will be used to forward data in a situation where a routing table contains static, RIP, and IGRP routes destined to the same network with each set to its default administrative distance?
A. The RIP route
B. The static route
C. The IGRP route
D. All three will load balance.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To decide which route to use, IOS uses a concept called Administrative Distance. Administrative distance is a number that denotes how believable an entire routing protocol is on a single router. The lower the number, the better, or more believable the routing protocol.
Route Type Administrative Distance
• Static 1
• IGRP 100
• RIP 120
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 177
QUESTION NO: 4
The following exhibit shows the ********.com WAN. Study it carefully:
What are the broadcast addresses of the subnets in the ******** network? (Select three options.)
A. 172.16.82.255
B. 172.16.95.255
C. 172.16.64.255
D. 172.16.32.255
E. 172.16.47.255
F. 172.16.79.255
Answer: B E F
Explanation:
172.16.23.0/20 has 16 increments and the broad cast address will always be 1 before the actual number. 172.16.23.0 next increment will be 172.16.39.0 so then the broadcast address is 1 less than 172.16.39.0 =
172.16.38.255 (Broadcast address).
QUESTION NO: 5
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit. Study it carefully:
Routers ********1 and ********2 are connected through their social interfaces, however, they cannot communicate. You ascertain that ********1 has the correct configuration.
Can you identify the fault on router ********2?
A. Link reliability is insufficient
B. IPCP is not open
C. Incorrect subnet mask
D. Incompatible encapsulation
E. Bandwidth allocation is too low
F. Incomplete IP address
Answer: D
Explanation:
HDLC and PPP Configuration
HDLC and PPP configuration is straightforward. You just need to be sure to configure the same WAN data-link protocol on each end of the serial link. Otherwise, the routers will misinterpret the incoming frames, because
each WAN data-link protocol uses a different frame format. Other than configuring some optional features, that’s all you need to do.
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 310
QUESTION NO: 6
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit. Study it carefully:
You want to prevent users on the Research Network and the Internet from accessing the ******** Support server, but you want to allow all other ******** users access to the server. You create an access
control list (ACL) called research block. The ACL contains the following statements:
deny 172.16.102.0 0.0.0.255 172.16.104.255 0.0.0.0
permit 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 172.16.104.252 0.0.0.0
Which of the following command sequence must be issued so that the list meets these requirements?
A. ********1(config)# interface e0
********1(config-if)# ip access-group research_block in
B. ********2(config)# interface s1
********2(config-if)# ip access-group research_block in
C. ********3(config)# interface s1
********3(config-if)# ip access-group research_block in
D. ********1(config)# interface s0
********1(config-if)# ip access-group research_block out
E. ********2(config)# interface s0
********2(config-if)# ip access-group research_block out
F. ********3(config)# interface e0
********3(config-if)# ip access-group research_block out
Answer: F
Explanation:
To enable the ACL on an interface and define the direction of packets to which the ACL is applied, the ip access-group command is used.
When referring to a router, these terms have the following meanings.
• Out - Traffic that has already been through the router and is leaving the interface; the source would be where it's been (on the other side of the router) and the destination is where it's going.
• In - Traffic that is arriving on the interface and which will go through the router; the source would be where it's been and the destination is where it's going (on the other side of the router).
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 433
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/secursw/ps1018/products_tech_note09186a00800a5b9a.shtml
QUESTION NO: 7
You are a network administrator at ********. You are troubleshooting a router problem. You issue the show ip route command on one of the routers. The output from the command is shown in the following
exhibit:
What does [120/3] represent?
A. 120 is the bandwidth allocation and 3 is the routing process number.
B. 120 is the administrative distance and 3 is the metric for that route.
C. 120 is the value of the update timer and 3 is the number of updates received.
D. 120 is the UDP port for forwarding traffic and 3 is the number of bridges.
640 - 801
Answer: B
Explanation:
To decide which route to use, IOS uses a concept called Administrative Distance. Administrative distance is a number that denotes how believable an entire routing protocol is on a single router. The lower the number, the better, or more believable the routing protocol.
Route Type Administrative Distance
• Connected 0
• IGRP 100
• RIP 120
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Ciscopress, ISBN 1-58720-083-X) Page 177
QUESTION NO: 8
What is the basic characteristic of switches and hubs?
A. Hubs cannot filter frames.
B. Using hubs is costly with regard to bandwidth availability.
C. Switches do and can not forward broadcasts.
D. Switches are more efficient than hubs in processing frames.
E. Switches increase the number of collision domains in the network.
Answer: E
Explanation: Switches increases the number of collisions domains in the network.
Note:
Switches use a couple of different types of internal processing variations. Almost of the more recently released switches use store-and-forward processing, but all three types of switching are supported in at least one type of currently available Cisco Switch.
• Store-and-forward –The switch fully receives all bits in the frame (store) before forwarding the frame (forward).
• Cut-through – The switch performs the address table lookup as soon as the destination address field in the header is received.
• Fragment-free – This performs like cut-through switching, but the switch waits for 64 bytes to be received before forwarding the first bytes of the outgoing frame.
QUESTION NO: 9
When you consider half-duplex and full-duplex Ethernet, what are unique for half-duplex Ethernet?
(Select two options.)
A. Half-duplex Ethernet operates in a shared collision domain.
B. Half-duplex Ethernet operates in an exclusive broadcast domain.
C. Half-duplex Ethernet has efficient throughput.
D. Half-duplex Ethernet has lower effective throughput.
E. Half-duplex Ethernet operates in an exclusive collision domain.
Answer: A D
Explanation:
A single device could not be sending a frame and receiving a frame at the same time because it would mean that a collision was occurring. So, devices simply chose not to send a frame while receiving a frame. That logic is called half-duplex logic.
Ethernet switches allow multiple frames to be sent over different ports at the same time. Additionally, if only one device is connected to a switch port, there is never a possibility that a collision could occur. So, LAN
switches with only one device cabled to each port of the switch allow the use of full-duplex operation. Full duplex means that an Ethernet card can send and receive concurrently.
QUESTION NO: 10
Which PPP authentication methods will you use when configuring PPP on an interface of a Cisco router?
(Select two options.)
A. SSL
B. SLIP
C. PAP
D. LAPB
E. CHAP
F. VNP
Answer: C E
Explanation:
Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) authenticate the endpoints on either end of a point-to-point serial link. Chap is the preferred method today because the identifying codes flowing over the link are created using a MD5 one-way hash, which is more secure that the clear-text passwords sent by PAP.
QUESTION NO: 11
Study the Exhibit below carefully:
What is the function of the Frame Relay DLCI with regard to ********A?
A. Defines the signaling standard between ********A and ********B,
B. Identifies the type of encapsulation in operation between ********A and ********B.
C. Identifies the circuit between ********B and the frame switch.
D. Defines the signaling standard between ********A and the frame switch.
Answer: C
Explanation:
********A sends frames with DLCI, and they reach the local switch. The local switch sees the DLCI field and forwards the frame through the Frame Relay network until it reaches the switch connected to ********B. The. ********B’s local switch forwards the frame out of the access link to ********B.
QUESTION NO: 12
What could be the rationale behind using passive-interface command when configuring a router?
A. Allows interfaces to share common IP addresses.
B. Allows an interface to remain up without the aid of keepalives.
C. Allows a router to send routing and not receive updates via that interface.
D. Allows a routing protocol to forward updates that is missing its IP address.
E. Allows a router to receive routing updates on an interface but not send updates via that interface.
Answer: E
Explanation:
The passive-interface command is used to control the advertisement of routing information. The command enables the suppression of routing updates over some interfaces while allowing updates to be exchanged
normally over other interfaces.
With most routing protocols, the passive-interface command restricts outgoing advertisements only. However, when used with Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP), the effect is slightly different. This document demonstrates that use of the passive-interface command in EIGRP suppresses the exchange of hello packets between two routers, resulting in the loss of their neighbor relationship. This stops not only routing updates from being advertised, but it also suppresses incoming routing updates. This document also discusses the configuration required in order to allow the suppression of outgoing routing updates, while allowing incoming routing updates to be learnt normally from the neighbor.
QUESTION NO: 13
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit. Study it carefully:
******** is acquiring a new Class C IP network. Which of the following subnet masks will provide one useful subnet for each department while still making allowance for enough usable host addresses per department as specified in the graphic?
A. 255.255.255.128
B. 255.255.255.192
C. 255.255.255.224
D. 255.255.255.240
E. 255.255.255.248
F. 255.255.255.252
Answer: C
Explanation:
The network currently consists of 5 networks and another network will be acquired. That gives us a total of 6
networks. This requires that we use 3 bits for the network address. Using the formula 2n-2 we get 6. This also leaves us with 5 bits for hosts, which gives us 30 hosts.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Only 1 bit is required to give us 128 but 1 bit gives us only 0 subnets.
B: 2 bits are required to give us 192 but 2 bits gives us only 2 subnets. This is too few.
D: 4 bits are required to give us 240. This gives us 14 subnets. However we are left with 4 bits for hosts leaving us with 14 host addresses. Two of the networks require more than 14 hosts so this will not do.
E: 5 bits are required to give us 248. This gives us 30 subnets. However we are left with 3 bits for hosts leaving us with 6 host addresses. All the networks require more than 6 hosts so this will not do.
F: 6 bits are required to give us 252. This gives us 62 subnets. However we are left with 2 bits for hosts leaving us with 6 host addresses. This is too few.
QUESTION NO: 14
You are a network administrator at ********. You need to troubleshoot the ******** network shown in the exhibit. Study the Exhibit carefully:
The host, TK1, is connected to the ********1 LAN, but it cannot get access to resources on any of the other networks. The host’s configuration is as follows:
host address: .....192.168.166.42
subnet mask: ......255.255.255.240
default gateway: ..192.168.166.33
Then which of the following is the cause of the problem?
A. The default gateway is a broadcast address.
B. The default gateway is on a different subnet address as the host.
C. The IP address of the host is on a different subnet.
D. The host subnet mask is incompatible to the subnet mask of the attached router interface.
Answer: A
Explanation:
The default gate should be the broadcast address. For this network, the broadcast address should be the last address, which should be 192.168.166.46.
Incorrect Answers:
B: The default gateway is on the same network but it is a host address.
C: The host address is correct.
D: The subnet mask 255.255.255.240 uses 28 bits and is therefore correct.
QUESTION NO: 15
What are the benefits of using a router to segment the network at a main office? (Select two options.)
A. Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router.
B. Broadcasts are eradicated.
C. Adding a router to the network decreases latency.
D. Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information.
E. Routers are more efficient than switches.
Answer: A, D
Explanation
Routers do not forward broadcast messages and therefore breaks up a broadcast domain. In addition, routers can
be used to filter network information.
QUESTION NO: 16
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has a larger 172.12.0.0 network that you want to divide into subnets. You want each subnet to support 459 hosts. You also want to provide the maximum
number of subnets.
Which network mask should you use?
A. 225.225.0.0.
B. 225.225.128.0.
C. 225.225.224.0.
D. 225.225.254.0.
Answer: 255.255.254.0
Explanation:
To obtain 459 hosts the number of host bits will be 9. This can support a maximum of 512 hosts. Keep 9 bits for hosts means the last bit in the 3rd octet will be 0. This gives 255.255.254.0 as the subnet mask.
QUESTION NO: 17
Your new junior ******** trainee, Rutger, has a problem with basic binary math. He must convert the binary number 10011101 into its decimal and hexadecimal equivalent.
Which two numbers must Rutger provide? (Select two options)
A. 158
B. 0x9D
C. 156
D. 157
E. 0x19
F. 0x9F
Answer: B D
Explanation:
10011101 = 157
0x9D is ASCII Hexadecimal = 157
QUESTION NO: 18
You are a network technician at ********. The ******** network is illustrated in the following exhibit.
Note: SPIDs are not required for this switch.
Which of the following command will you use to bring up the ISDN link? (Select three options.)
A. Router(config-if)# encapsulation ppp
B. Router(config)# dialer-list 1 protocol ip allow
C. Router(config)# isdn switch-type type
D. Router(config)# dialer map ip address name connection number
E. Router(config-if)# dialer-group 1
F. Router(config-if)# ip address address subnet mask
Answer: A E F
Explanation:
• Proper encapsulation to be defined on both routers.
• IP address to be assigned for interface with subnet mask
• Dialer group number enables dialer-list on this interface. Dialer-list to be defined on gloabal
configuration command.
QUESTION NO: 19
You are a network technician at ********. You are troubleshooting a LAN connectivity problem.
Which of the following router IOS commands could you use? (Select three options.)
A. show ip route
B. winipcfg
C. tracert
D. show interfaces
E. traceroute
F. ping
Answer: A D F
Explanation
A: The show ip route command displays the IP route table.
D: The show interfaces EXEC command to display statistics for all interfaces configured on the router or access server.
F: The ping command tests connectivity to a remote node.
QUESTION NO: 20
Place the parameters in the correct sequence to configure dial-on-demand routing (DDR) on an ISDN BRI interface.
Answer:
Place 1st - next hop address
Place 2nd - Dialer-list
Place 3rd - protocol
Place 4th - Dialer-String
Place 5th - group
QUESTION NO: 21
Which of the following commands will you use to display the configuration register setting on a router?
A. show boot
B. show flash
C. show register
D. show version
E. show config
Answer: D
Explanation:
show version
To display the configuration of the system hardware, the software version, the names and sources of configuration files, and the boot images, use the show version command in EXEC mode.
Examples
The following is sample output from the show version command:
Router1> show version
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 7200 Software (C7200-J-M), Experimental Version 11.3(19970915:164752) [
hampton-nitro-baseline 249]
Copyright (c) 1986-1997 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 08-Oct-97 06:39 by hampton
Image text-base: 0x60008900, data-base: 0x60B98000
ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.1(11855) [beta 2], INTERIM SOFTWARE
BOOTFLASH: 7200 Software (C7200-BOOT-M), Version 11.1(472), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc
1)
Router1 uptime is 23 hours, 33 minutes
System restarted by abort at PC 0x6022322C at 10:50:55 PDT Tue Oct 21 1997
System image file is "tftp://171.69.1.129/hampton/nitro/c7200-j-mz"
cisco 7206 (NPE150) processor with 57344K/8192K bytes of memory.
R4700 processor, Implementation 33, Revision 1.0 (512KB Level 2 Cache)
Last reset from power-on
Bridging software.
X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.
SuperLAT software copyright 1990 by Meridian Technology Corp).
TN3270 Emulation software.
8 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
4 Token Ring/IEEE 802.5 interface(s)
4 Serial network interface(s)
1 FDDI network interface(s)
125K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
1024K bytes of packet SRAM memory.
20480K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 0 (Sector size 128K).
20480K bytes of Flash PCMCIA card at slot 1 (Sector size 128K).
4096K bytes of Flash internal SIMM (Sector size 256K).
Configuration register is 0x02102
QUESTION NO: 22
You are a network administrator at ********. You must configure a new subnetwork at the ******** branch office in Berlin. You have been provided with the subnet mask of 255.255.255.224. You want to assign IP addresses to hosts on the subnet.
Which of the following IP addresses would you use? (Choose all that apply.)
A. 16.23.118.63
B. 87.45.16.159
C. 92.11.178.93
D. 134.178.18.56
E. 192.168.16.87
F. 217.168.166.192
Answer: C, D, E
Explanation:
C: Valid Host in subnetwork 2 ( 92.11.178.64 to 92.11.178.95)
D: Valid Host in subnetwork 1 (134.178.18.32 to 134.178.18.63)
E: Valid Host in subnetwork 2 (192.168.16.64 to 192.168.16.95)
QUESTION NO: 23
You are a network technician at ********. You need to configure Frame Relay on a Cisco router.
What is the default LMI (Local Management Interface) frame type transmitted by the Cisco router on a Frame Relay circuit?
A. IETF
B. B8ZS
C. ANSI
D. Cisco
E. Q933a
Answer: D
Explanation:
Name Document IOS LMI-Type Parameter
• Cisco Proprietary cisco
• ANSI T1.617 Annex D ansi
• ITU Q.933. Annex A q.933a
QUESTION NO: 24
You are a network technician at ********. You have subnetted the 210.106.14.0 network with a /24 mask. Your supervisor asks you how many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet this would make provision for. What would your response be?
A. 1 network with 254 hosts
B. 4 networks with 128 hosts
C. 2 networks with 24 hosts
D. 6 networks with 64 hosts
E. 8 networks with 36 hosts
Answer: A
Explanation:
A subnet with 24 bits on would be 255.255.255.0. This subnet has only 1 network and 254 hosts.
QUESTION NO: 25
You are a network technician at ********. Due to rapid expansion, ******** is leaning towards scalable WAN technology. Immediate plans for the company include an additional 7 regional offices with all sites
requiring continuous connectivity, but the current head office has no free ports available.
Which of the following WAN technologies will meet the requirements?
A. Frame Relay
B. Broadband cable
C. ISDN-BRI
D. ADSL
E. Dedicated PPP/HDLC links
F. ISDN
Answer: D
Explanation:
ADSL work by using a modem and is always on. The question tells you that the HQ router has no free ports, so by using an ADSL modem, it will be the best choice for this question. The cable modem would also be a good choice, but without much security, the ADSL is the better answer.
QUESTION NO: 26
You are a network technician at ********. You apply the access list illustrated below to interface E0 on a Cisco router. The interface is connected to the 192.168.1.8/29 LAN.
access-list 123 deny tcp 192.168.166.18 0.0.0.7 eq 20 any
access-list 123 deny tcp 192.168.166.18 0.0.0.7 eq 21 any
What are the consequences of this specific access list?
A. All traffic will be allowed to exit E0 except FTP traffic.
B. FTP traffic from 192.168.166.19 to any host will be denied.
C. FTP traffic from 192.168.166.22 to any host will be denied.
D. All traffic exiting E0 will be denied.
E. All FTP traffic to network 192.168.166.18/29 from any host will be denied.
Answer: D
Explanation:
By default access list is having implicit deny statement at the end. In this example there is no permit statement, so it will deny all traffic exiting E0 Interface.
Incorrect answers
A: It will deny FTP and Telnet Traffic
B,C,E: It will deny all traffic in addition to the condition mentioned in the answer. Because there is no permit statement at the end.
QUESTION NO: 27
What are the characteristic of link state routing protocols? (Choose all that apply.)
A. The exchange of advertisement is triggered by a change in the network.
B. All routers exchange routing tables with each other iIn a multipoint network.
C. Packets are routed based upon the shortest path to the destination.
D. Paths are chosen depending on the cost efficiency factor.
E. Every router in an OSPF area is capable of representing the entire network topology.
F. Only the designated router in an OSPF area can represent the entire network topology.
Answer: A C E
Explanation:
Open Shortest Path First
• Each router discovers its neighbors on each interface. The list of neighbors is kept in a neighbor table.
• Each router uses a reliable protocol to exchange topology information with its neighbors.
• Each router places the learned topology information into its topology database.
• Each router runs the SPF algorithm against its own topology database.
• Each router runs the SPF algorithm against its own topology database to calculate the best routes to each
subnet in the database.
• Each router places the best roué to each subnet into the IP routing table.
The following list points out some of the key features of OSPF:
• Converges very quickly – from the point of recognizing a failure, it often can converge in less than 10
seconds.
• Supports VLSM.
• Uses short Hello messages on a short regular interval, with the absence of hello messages indicating that
a neighbor is no longer reachable.
• Sends partial updates when link status changes, and floods full updates every 30 minutes. The flooding,
however, does not happened all at once, so the overhead s minimal.
• Uses cost for the metric.
QUESTION NO: 28
You use multiple access lists when configuring it on an interface of a Cisco router. Which of the following statements are valid?
A. Application of up to three access lists per protocol to a single interface.
B. No more than two access lists per interface.
C. One access list may be configured per direction for each Layer 3 protocol configured on an interface.
D. The maximum number allowed varies due to RAM availability in the router.
E. An infinite number of access lists that can be applied to an interface, from most specific to most general.
F. Cisco IOS allows only one access list to an interface.
Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 29
Which of the following are typical Layer 2 encapsulations for a WAN link? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Ethernet
B. PPP
C. Token Ring
D. HDLC
E. Frame Relay
F. POTS
Answer: B, D E,
Explanation:
WAN data-link protocols used on point-to-point serial links provide the basic function of data delivery across
that one link. The two most popular WAN data-link protocols are High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) and
PPP.
QUESTION NO: 30
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has its head office in Mubai and a branch office in Delhi. You want to establish connectivity between head office and the branch office. You intend using two data link layer encapsulation, one for data and one for signaling.
What type of WAN service allows two data layer encapsulations of this nature?
A. ISDN
B. ATM
C. FDDI
D. ATX
E. Frame Relay
Answer: A
Explanation:
ISDN Q.931 messages are used for signaling.
ISDN B channels are used to transport data.
QUESTION NO: 31
You are a network technician at ********. You use a Cisco router to divide the ******** network into two separate segments, ********1 and ********2. The ******** CEO is concerned about the cost, and wants to know what the purpose of your action is.
What should you tell him?
A. It decreases the number of broadcast domains.
B. It makes broadcasting domains more efficient between segments.
C. It increases the number of collisions.
D. It prevents segment 1’s broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
E. It connects segment 1’s broadcasts to segment 2.
Answer: D
Explanation
A router does not forward broadcast traffic. It therefore breaks up a broadcast domain, reducing unnecessary network traffic.
QUESTION NO: 32
You are a network technician at ********. A newly appointed trainee wants to know what the basics of distance vector and link state routing protocols are.
What would your reply be? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Distance vector protocols send the entire routing table to directly connected neighbors.
B. Distance vector protocols are responsible for sending updates to all networks listed in the routing table.
C. Link state protocols are responsible for sending the entire routing table to the whole network.
D. Link state protocols send updates regarding their own links status to all other routers on the network.
Answer: A D
Explanation:
Distance Vector Protocols:
Distance Vector Protocols advertise routing information by sending messages, called routing updates, out the interfaces on a router. These updates contain a series of entries, with each entry representing a subnet and a metric.
Link-State Protocols:
Sends partial updates when link status changes and floods full updates every 30 minutes. The flooding, however, does not happen all at once, so the overhead is minimal.
QUESTION NO: 33
Which of the following statements is true regarding the split horizon rule?
A. Distance vector protocols need fall back routes that are responsible for momentary loops.
B. Networks can only remain fully operational provided all information is sent out all active interfaces.
C. Each AS must keep routing tables converged to avoid dead routes from being advertised.
D. Information about a route should not be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
E. Only routers can split boundaries (horizons) between concentric networks.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Split horizon blocks information about routes from being advertised by a router out of any interface from which that information originated.
QUESTION NO: 34
You are a network technician at ********. A newly appointed trainee wants to know what the differences and similarities between bridges and switches are.
What would your reply be? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Bridges are faster learners than switches due to fewer ports.
B. Bridges and switches increase the size of a collision domain.
C. A bridge will forward a broadcast but a switch will not.
D. Bridges and switches learn MAC addresses through examining the source MAC address.
E. A switch is a uniport bridge,
Answer: B C
Explanation:
Bridges build the bridge table by listening to incoming frames and examining the source MAC address in the frame.
Switches are multiport bridges that allow you to create multiple broadcast domains. Each broadcast domain is like a distinct virtual bridge within a switch.
QUESTION NO: 35
You are a network technician at ********. You are working with a 2500 series Cisco router. You are performing the password recovery procedure. You have just typed the following command:
o/r 0x2142
Your newly appointed trainee is curious about why this command is used.
What should you tell him?
A. It is used to restart the router.
B. It is used to bypass the configuration in NVRAM.
C. It is used to enter ROM Monitor mode.
D. It is used to view the lost password.
E. It is used to save the changes to the configuration.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The o/r 0x2142 command changes the value of config-register to 2142, so that the Router ignores the NVRAM contents when it boots.
QUESTION NO: 36
You are a network technician at ********. You have told a newly appointed trainee that the OSI model has 7 layers and that the Application layer is the highest layer. The trainee is curious as to which
protocols operate at the application layer.
What should you tell him? (Choose all that apply.)
A. TCP
B. Telnet
C. FTP
D. ARP
E. IP
Answer: B C
Explanation:
Layer Name Examples
Application (layer 7) Telnet, HTTP, FTP, WWW browsers, NFS, SMTP gateways, SNMP
QUESTION NO: 37
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has its head office in Berlin and a branch office in Bonn. You are troubleshooting the WAN link between head office and the branch office.
You replace a Cisco router that was providing Frame Relay connectivity at the Bonn site with a frame relay router from a different vendor. However, connectivity broke down between the two offices.
What is the most likely cause of the problem?
A. Mismatched LMI types.
B. Incompatible encapsulation types.
C. Mismatching IP addresses.
D. Incorrect DLCI.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Three LMI protocol options are available in Cisco IOS software: Cisco, ITU, and ANSI. Each LMI option is slightly different and therefore is incompatible with the other two. As long as both the DTE and DCE on each
end of an access link use the same LMI standard, LMI works fine.
QUESTION NO: 38
You are a network administrator at ********. You need to configure five new routes urgently for testing purposes. While connected to a router by console, you copy and past a configuration from a text file into the HyperTerminal window. Part of the text file is shown in the following exhibit:
As a result of this procedure, host 192.168.10.10/29 would not be able to ping the Ethernet interface of the router. Why?
A. The new configuration must be saved to the NVRAM before the changes can be effected.
B. The subnet mask on the router results is miscommunication.
C. The Ethernet network does not feature in the routing table due to imcomplete RIP configuration.
D. The copied configuration did not overwrite the shutdown command on the Ethernet interface.
E. The router needs to be rebooted before the changes are effected.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Default configuration of any interface is always shutdown and always needs the command "no shutdown" in the interface command mode in order to enable the interface.
QUESTION NO: 39
You are a network administrator at ********. The ******** network has three remote networks are accessed through serial 0/0 interface on the ********1 router. The remote networks are: 172.16.10.0,
172.16.20.0, and 172.16.30.0. However, users cannot access 172.16.20.0. You are troubleshooting the problem. You issue the debug ip rip and show ip route commands. The output form the command is
shown in the following exhibit:
<some output text is omitted>
********1# debug ip rip
ld00h: RIP:received vl update from 172.16.100.2 on Serial0/0
ld00h: 172.16.10.0 in 1 hops
ld00h: 172.16.20.0 in 1 hops
ld00h: 172.16.30.0 in 1 hops
********1# show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 8 subnets
C 172.16.150.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 172.16.220.0 is directly connected, Loopback2
C 172.16.210.0 is directly connected, Loopback1
C 172.16.200.0 is directly connected, Loopback0
R 172.16.30.0 [120/1] via 172.16.100.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
S 172.16.20.0 [1/0] via 172.16.150.15
R 172.16.10.0 [120/1] via 172.16.100.2, 00:00:07, Serial0/0
C 172.16.100.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
What is the most likely cause of the problem?
A. 172.16.20.0 is not located in ********1’s routing table.
B. There is no gateway of last resort on ********1.
C. The static route for 172.16.20.0 is incorrect.
D. The ********1 router is not receiving 172.16.20.0 updates.
Answer: C
Explanation
The static route of 172.16.20.0 is incorrect. The show ip route shows that the network is connected via
172.16.150.15 instead of 172.16.100.2.
QUESTION NO: 40
You have subnetted the 213.105.72.0 network with a /28 mask. How many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet will be provided?
A. 2 networks with 62 hosts
B. 6 networks with 30 hosts
C. 16 networks and 16 hosts
D. 62 networks and 2 hosts
E. 14 networks and 14 hosts
Answer: E
Explanation
A subnet with a 28 bit mask requires 4 bits for the network address, leaving 4 bits for host addresses. Using the
2^n - 2 formula (2^4 – 2 in this case) we have 14 host addresses and 14 network addresses.
QUESTION NO: 41
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are currently troubleshooting a Cisco router. You issue the show ip route command. The output from the command is displayed in the following exhibit:
********1#show ip route
Codes: C – connected, S – static, I – IGRP, R- RIP, M – mobile, B – BGP
D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external, O – OSPF, IA – OSPF inner area
E1 – OSPF external type 1, E2 – OSPF external type 2, E – EGP
i – IS-IS, L1 – IS-IS level-1, L2 – IS-IS level-2, * - Candidate default
U – per-user static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
R 192.168.8.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
C 192.168.9.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1
R 192.168.10.0/24 [120/7] via 192.168.9.1, 00:00:02, Serial1
R 192.168.11.0/24 [120/7] via 192.168.9.1, 00:00:03, Serial1
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.6.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
R 192.168.7.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
Which route will not be entered into the routing table of a neighboring router?
A. R 192.168.11.0/24 [120/7] via 192.168.9.1, 00:00:03, Serial1
B. C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
C. R 192.168.8.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
D. R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/15] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
Answer: D
Explanation: RIP has the maximum hop count of 15. This route already has a hop count of 15 and adding one would make it unreachable (see below). This route will be discarded.
R 202.30.5.0/24 [120/15] via 202.30.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial0
QUESTION NO: 42
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You have subnetted the 201.105.13.0 network with a /26 mask. How many usable subnetworks and usable host addresses per subnet will be provided?
A. 4 networks with 64 hosts
B. 64 networks and 4 hosts
C. 2 networks and 62 hosts
D. 62 networks and 2 hosts
E. 6 network and 30 hosts
Answer: C
Explanation
A subnet with a 26 bit mask requires 2 bits for the network address, leaving 6 bits for host addresses. Using the 2^n - 2 formula (2^2 - 2 for the network and 2^6 - 2 for hosts) we have 2 network addresses and 62 host addresses.
QUESTION NO: 43
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. Your ******** trainee is studying the spanning tree algorithm and wants to know what the default mechanism for determining the spanning-tree path cost is.
What would your reply be?
A. Statically determined by the administrator.
B. Sum of the costs based on bandwidth.
C. Total hop count.
D. Sum of the cost based on latency.
Answer: B
Explanation
The metrics of STP is determined by bandwidth.
QUESTION NO: 45
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are required to establish a Telnet session with a cisco router.
Which of the following commands should you use?
A. ********1(config)# line console 0
********1(config-if)# enable password ********
B. ********1(config)# line vty 0
********1(config-line)# enable password ********
C. ********1(config)# line vty 0
********1(config-line)# enable secret ********
********1(config-line)# login
D. ********1(config)# line console 0
********1(config-line)# enable secret ********
********1(config-line)# login
E. ********1(config)# line console 0
********1(config-line)# password ********
********1(config-line)# login
F. ********1(config)# line vty 0
********1(config-line)# password ********
********1(config-line)# login
Answer: F
Explanation:
Access from Password Type Configuration
Telnet vty password line vty 0 4
login
password cisco
QUESTION NO: 47
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are planning a network installation for the company. The design requires 100 separate subnetworks, resulting in the acquisition of a Class B network address.
Which of the following subnet masks will provide the 100 subnetworks required, if 500 usable host addresses are required per subnet?
A. 255.255.0.0
B. 255.255.224.0
C. 255.255.254.0
D. 255.255.255.0
E. 255.255.255.224
F. 255.255.255.254
Answer: C
Explanation: We need a 9-bit subnet mask to provide 500 usable host addresses.
QUESTION NO: 48
What is the function of access control lists (ACLs)? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Monitor the number of bytes and packets.
B. Assume role off virus detector.
C. Identify interesting traffic for DDR.
D. IP route filtering.
E. Provide high network availability.
F. Classify and organizing network traffic.
Answer: C, D, E
Explanation:
IP access control lists (ACLs) cause a router to discard some packets based on criteria defined by the network engineer. The goal of these filters is to prevent unwanted traffic in the network – whether to prevent hackers from penetrating the network or just to prevent employees from using systems they should not be using.
IP access lists can also be used to filter routing updates, to match packets for prioritization, to match packets for prioritization, to match packets for VPN tunneling, and to match packets for implementing quality of service
features.
QUESTION NO: 49
What could you use to prevent rooting loops in the network when configuring the network using a distance vector routing protocol? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Spanning Tree Protocol
B. Shortest path first tree
C. Link-state advertisements (LSA)
D. Hold-down timers
E. Split horizon
F. VRP
Answer: D E
Explanation:
• Split horizon – the routing protocol advertises routes out an interface only if they were not learned from updates entering that interface.
• Hold-down timer – After finding out that a router to a subnet has failed, a router waits a certain period
of time before believing any other routing information about that subnet.
QUESTION NO: 50
The following exhibit shows the router topology for the ******** network.
All routers are running RIP. Which of the following statements describe how the routers exchange their routing tables? (Choose all that apply.)
A. ********4 exchanges with ********3.
B. ********4 exchanges with ********2.
C. ********4 exchanges with ********1.
D. ********1 exchanges with ********3.
E. ********1 exchanges with ********2.
F. ********1 exchanges with ********4.
Answer: A, D
Explanation
RIP exchanges routing tables with their adjacent neighbors. Therefore, ********3 will exchange routes with ********1, ********2 and ********4. Similarly, ********1 will exchange routes with ********3; ********2
will exchange routes with ********3; and ********4 will exchange routes with ********3.
QUESTION NO: 51
Which of the following encapsulations can be used when configuring a serial interface on a Cisco router?
(Choose all that apply.)
A. Token Ring
B. Ethernet
C. HDLC
D. PPP
E. Frame Relay
F. CHAP
Answer: C, D, E
QUESTION NO: 52
You are a network technician at ********. ******** has a class C network license. The company requires 5 usable subnets. Each subnet must accommodate at least 18 hosts.
Which network mask should you use?
A. 225.225.224.0.
B. 225.225.240.0.
C. 225.225.255.0.
D. 255.255.255.224
E. 225.225.255.240
Answer: 255.255.255.224
Explanation:
Default subnet mask for class C network is 255.255.255.0. If one has to create 5 subnets, then 3 bits are required. With 3 bits we can create 6 subnets. Remaining 5 bits are used for Hosts. One can create 30 hosts
using 5 bits in host field. This matches with requirement.
QUESTION NO: 53
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. The ******** network topology is shown in the following exhibit:
Each host is connected through its own 10Mbps half-duplex switch port to the e0 interface of the router ********1.
What is the bandwidth available to each host?
A. 1 Mbps
B. 10 Mbps
C. 20 Mbps
D. 100 Mbps
E. 120 Mbps
Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 55
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You have completed the password recovery procedure on a Cisco router successfully and the router returned to normal operation.
What is configuration register value at this point in time?
A. 0x2112
B. 0x2104
C. 0x2102
D. 0x2101
E. 0x2100
Answer: C
Explanation: It is default factory setting. Router should attempt to load an IOS from flash memory and load
startup configuration file. Flash memory also called NVRAM
Incorrect answers
A: It is ROM Monitor mode. A low level problem determination
B: Router to boot from ROM
D: The value 0x2142 to be set for configuration register in case of password recovery procedure
QUESTION NO: 56
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are using a switch to break up a broadcast domain. Which features of the switch enables this?
A. Transparent bridging
B. Cut-through bridges
C. Fragment-free switches
D. Microsegmentation
E. Virtual LANs
F. Store-and-forward switching
Answer: E
Explanation: Creation of VLAN in a switch provide separate Broadcast domain . If VLAN is not there all ports as members of one Broadcast domain.
Incorrect Answers
A: Transparent bridging is called Transparent because the endpoints devices do not need to know that the bridges exists. It will not play any role for creating separate broadcast domain
B,D: Both are switching methods in a switch.
C: This is one of the Switching methods in a switch. It will not play any role for creating separate broadcast domains
F: Not related to the question
QUESTION NO: 58
Which of the following addresses can be assigned to network hosts when given a subnet mask of 255.255.255.224? (Choose all that apply.)
A. 10.15.16.125
B. 134.178.18.44
C. 92.11.178.83
D. 192.168.16.67
E. 115.23.118.67
F. 217.63.12.192
Answer: B, C, D
Explanation:
B: Valid host in subnetwork 1 (134.178.18.32 to 134.178.18.63)
C: Valid host in subnetwork 2 ( 92.11.178.64 to 92.11.178.95)
D: Valid host in subnetwork 2 (192.168.16.64 to 192.168.16.95)
QUESTION NO: 59
Documenting the name of the IOS image file of each router in the network is part of updating network documentation.
Which of the following commands can be used to obtain this information?
A. Router# show IOS
B. Router# show version
C. Router# show image
D. Router# show protocols
E. Router# show flash
Answer: B
"Show flash" displays all the image files in it. There could be more than one file. However, "show version" displays the one that is currently in use by the router.
Incorrect answers:
D: Show Protocols will shows routed Protocol using by the router, all interface conditions and their IP address if configured.
A,C: There are no such commands.
QUESTION NO: 60
Which of the following statements describes the rule of split horizon?
A. Only routers can split boundaries (horizons) between concentric networks.
B. Each AS must keep routing tables converged to prevent dead routes from being advertised across
boundaries.
C. Networks can only remain fully converged if all information is sent out all active interfaces.
D. Information about a route should not be sent back in the direction from which the original update came.
E. Distance vector protocols need fall back routers that are responsible for momentary loops.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Split horizon includes two related concepts that affect what routes are included in a routing update: An update does not include the subnet of the interface out which the update is sent All routes with outgoing interface of interface x are not included in updates sent out that same interface x.
Incorrect Answers
A: There is no such requirement
E: Distance vector protocols updates routing table at regular intervals instead of Topology changes
C: This is not a feature of split horizon
B: This is not a related feature for split horizon
QUESTION NO: 61
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. The ******** network is shown in the following exhibit:
Which of the following configuration commands are the minimum commands required to bring up the ISDN link? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Router(Config-if)# ip address subnet mask
B. Router(Config-if)# dialer-list, protocol ip permit
C. Router(Config-if)# isdn switch-type type
D. Router(Config-if)# dialer map ip address name name connection number.
E. Router(Config-if)# encapsulation ppp
F. Router(Config-if)# dialer group 1
Answer: A, E, F
Explanation:
A: IP address to be assigned for interface with subnet mask
E: Proper encapsulation to be defined on both routers.
F: Dialer group number enables dialer-list on this interface. Dialer-list to be defined in a global configuration
command.
Incorrect Answers:
B, C:The commands are executed on global configuration command.
D: Syntax is wrong. Proper syntax is dialer map ip ip address/subnet mask name connection name number.
QUESTION NO: 62
Which of the following features are PPP characteristics? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Encapsulates several different types of routing protocols.
B. Supports only IP.
C. Can be used over analog circuits.
D. Maps Layer addresses.
E. Corrects errors.
Answer: A C E
Explanation:
• PPP can be used on either type of line (dial or switched lines), because data-link protocols are designed for point-to-point environment.
• PPP uses one LCP per link and one Control Protocol for each Layer 3 protocol defined on the link. If a router is configured for IPX, Apple Talk, and IP on a PPP serial link, the router configured for PPP
encapsulation automatically tries to bring I the appropriate control protocols for each layer 3 protocol.
• Error recovery can be performed by the data-link protocol or a higher-layer protocol, or it might not be
performed at all. Supported but not enabled by default.
QUESTION NO: 63
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You are troubleshooting a connectivity problem. You issue the ping command during a router console session. Your trainee wants to know what the ping command use to test connectivity between the two devices.
What would your reply be?
A. ICMP echo request
B. Information interrupt request
C. Timestamp reply
D. Source quench
Answer: A
Explanation:
The ping command sends an ICMP echo request packet to the stated destination address. The TCP/IP software at the destination then replies to the ping echo request packet with a similar packet, called ICMP echo reply.
QUESTION NO: 64
You are a network technician at ********, Inc. You must assign static IP addresses to the servers in the ******** network. For network 192.168.20.24/29 the router is assigned the first usable host address while
the sales server is given the last usable host address.
Which of the following should be entered into the IP properties box for the sales server?
A. IP address: 192.168.20.32 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.240 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.17
B. IP address: 192.168.20.31 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.224 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.25
C. IP address: 192.168.20.30 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.25
D. IP address: 192.168.20.1 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.248 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.254
E. IP address: 192.168.20.254 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240 Default Gateway: 192.168.20.24
Answer: C
Explanation
A subnet mask uses 29 bits. This means that it uses 5 bits in the 4th octet. This equates to 255.255.255.248. This network has 3 bits for hosts. Using the 2^n - 2 formula (2^3 -2 in this case), we are left with 6 (2*2*2 - 2 = 6) host addresses. 192.168.20.24 is the network address. Therefore the next address (192.168.20.25) would be the first host address. This address must be assigned to the router, which serves as the gateway for the network. The last available host address would be 192.168.20.30 (192.168.20.24+6). This address is assigned to the server.
QUESTION NO: 65
Which of the following statements regarding the store and forward switching method are true? (Select two options.)
A. Latency fluctuates regardless of frame size.
B. The switch receives the complete frame before beginning to forward it.
C. Latency through the switch varies with frame length.
D. The switch checks the destination address upon receipt of headers.
Answer: B C
Explanation:
With store-and-forward, the entire frame is received by the switch before the first bit of the frame is forwarded. As soon as the incoming switch port receives enough of the frame to see the destination MAC address, the
forwarding decision is made and the frame is transmitted out the appropriate outgoing port to the destination device. So, each frame might experience slightly less latency.
QUESTION NO: 68
Which of the following statements are characteristic of a typical VLAN arrangement? (SChoose all that apply.)
A. VLANs logically divide a switch into multiple, independent switches at Layer 2.
B. Trunk links can carry traffic for multiple VLANs.
C. VLAN implementation significantly increases traffic due to adding trunking information.
D. A VLAN can span multiple switches.
E. VLANs extend the collision domain to include multiple switches.
F. VLANs typically decrease the number of multiple switches.
Answer: A, B, D
Explanation
QUESTION NO: 69
Which of the following options can be negotiated using LCP during the PPP link establishment? (Select three options.)
A. Q.931
B. IPCP
C. multilink
D. CHAP
E. callback
Answer: B C D
Explanation:
• The NCP phase is used for establishing and configuring different network-layer protocols.
• The most common layer 3 protocol negotiated is IP. The routers exchange IP Control Protocol (IPCP) messages negotiating options specific to the protocol.
• Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) currently supports two authentication protocols: Password Authentication
Protocol (PAP) and Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP). Both are specified in RFC 1334 and are supported on synchronous and asynchronous interfaces.
QUESTION NO: 70
Match the ISDN term on the right to the appropriate description on the left. Please note: Not all options on the left apply.
Explanation:
• LAPD – provides the data link protocol that allows delivery of messages across that D-channel to the
local switch.
• LAPB - Protocol and is designed primarily to satisfy the signaling requirements of ISDN basic access. It is defined by ITU-T Recommendations Q.920 and Q.921.
• TE1 – ISDN –capable four-wire cable. Understands signaling and 2B=D. Uses an S reference point.
• ITU.T.430 – Defines connectors, encoding, framing, and reference points.
• TE2 – Equipment that does not understand ISDN protocols and specifications (no ISDN awareness).
Uses an R reference point, typically an RS-232 or V.35 cable, to connect to a TA.
• NT1 – CPE equipment in North America. Connects with a U reference point (two-wire) to the telco.
QUESTION NO: 71
You are the network administrator at ********, Inc. ********’s network topology is shown in the following exhibit:
You can telnet to all of the routers. An employee named Tess has moved office and finds herself on a different floor. You need the address of Switch ********5 to verify that the employee who moved office
remains in the same VLAN. What can you do to determine the IP address of ********5?
A. Issue the show ip route command on Router ********1.
B. Issue the show cdp neighbors detail command on Router ********2.
C. Issue the show arp command on Router ********3.
D. Issue the show cdp neighbors detail command on Router ********3.
E. Issue the show arp command on Router ********1.
F. Issue the show ip route command on Router ********2.
Answer: D
Explanation:
To display detailed information about neighboring devices discovered using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), use the show cdp neighbors privileged EXEC command. Detail - (Optional) Displays detailed information about a neighbor (or neighbors) including network address,
enabled protocols, hold time, and software version.
Answer: B
Explanation: The subnet mask must be 255.255.252.0 to work with the network address 172.16.17.0/22 on the
S0/0 interface on ********1.